The Kölner Münzkabinett
Gems, Cameos and Precious Stones
Gems, Cameos and Precious Stones
Gems (Latin gemma = precious stone) are miniature works of art carved into semiprecious stones. Along with coins they are the smallest pictorial medium of antiquity being only a few centimetres or even millimetres in size. But unlike coins which have an official character, gems were mostly set into rings and used as seals or personal ornaments, and as such belonged to the most personal possession of their ancient owners, thereby enabling us a very private glimpse into the ancient world.
Gems are certainly among the most beautiful works of ancient art, and were highly valued in all cultures of classical antiquity. Even long before the Greeks, Etruscans and Romans perfected the technique of gem engraving and created intaglios and cameos, engraved seals made of stone were used. This is confirmed by Near Eastern stamp and cylinder seals dating back to the 5th millennium BC, as well as by the impressive seal stones of the Minoan and Mycenaean culture.
Gems enchant us, not only because of their wealth of shapes and colours, which can range from bright orange-red carnelian to the blood-red or yellow jasper, from violet amethyst through to green chrome chalzedony and the many colourful varieties of agate. But what is also fascinating is their variety of images. Frequently exceptional representations are found on gems. They cover all areas of ancient life – depictions of gods, heroes and humans, scenes of myth and cult and of everyday life. Furthermore, vivid depictions of animals, grotesques, objects and symbols can be found.
Collecting gems has a long tradition that dates back to ancient times. Also in later times gems were always highly valued, but it was not before the 18th and 19th century when a newly revived enthusiasm for engraved gems emerged. Johann Joachim Winckelmann (1717-1768), the founder of Classical Archaeology, was even so enthusiastic about gems, that he called them ‘the most authentic testimonies of antiquity’.
If you too are interested in these very special little treasures of antiquity, you are welcome to visit our store in the centre of Cologne.
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Are you interested in buying or selling ancient gemstones, cameos or seals, or do you have any questions related to gems?
Do not hesitate to contact us, we would be delighted to help you.
Do not hesitate to contact us, we would be delighted to help you.